What is Clobazam? Clobazam is an anticonvulsant and anxiolytic drug that interacts with specific receptors on the postsynaptic membranes of GABAergic structures of the limbic system, reticular formation, insertion neurons of the spinal cord. It potentiates GABAergic neurotransmission, increases the efficiency of GABAergic inhibition and inhibits neuronal activity.

Pharmacokinetics

When administered orally, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Binding to blood proteins is more than 85%. Metabolized in the liver by microsomal oxidation to form pharmacologically active metabolites (N-desmethylclobazam). T1 / 2 – 20-30 hours, in elderly patients may be increased. It is excreted by the kidneys.

Side effects

Nervous system and sense organs: drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, ataxia, muscle weakness, irritability, depression, confusion, disorientation, memory and concentration problems, slowed mental and motor reactions, paradoxical reactions. 

• Gastrointestinal tract: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, dyspeptic symptoms.
• Others: hand tremors, decreased libido, allergic reactions.
• Addiction, drug dependence, withdrawal syndrome are possible.

Overdose

Symptoms: signs of CNS depression: pronounced somnolence, excessive sedation, prolonged confusion, suppression of reflexes, coma; respiratory depression, hypotension are also possible. Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, monitoring of vital functions, symptomatic therapy, IV infusion of solutions (to enhance diuresis), ensuring adequate ventilation.

Increases the effects of depressant drugs (alcohol, other anxiolytics, sleeping pills, neuroleptics, etc.). Alcoholic beverages should be excluded during treatment. Do not use during work for drivers of vehicles and people whose work requires rapid mental and physical reactions, as well as is associated with high concentration of attention.

Dosage and administration

Inside. The dose and duration of treatment are chosen individually, depending on the indication and the therapeutic effect. Initial dose for adults is 10-20 mg/day, average daily dose is 30-40 mg. In epilepsy the initial dose is 5-15 mg/day, and if necessary, and taking into account tolerance, it can be gradually increased up to 80 mg/day (maximum daily dose). Children over 3 years of age, elderly patients, as well as frail patients are prescribed in lower doses.

If necessary, the dose should be reduced gradually. During treatment it is necessary to exclude alcoholic beverages. Do not use during work for drivers of vehicles and people whose work requires quick mental and physical reactions, as well as is associated with high concentration of attention.